Publication Title Duration-dependent effects of high dose of phthalate exposure on semen quality in adult male Download PDF
Publication Type journal
Publisher JBRA Assisted Reproduction 2021;00(0):00-00
Paper Link doi: 10.5935/1518-0557.20210033
Publication Authors Victor Emojevwe1,2, Alexander O Naiho1 , Eze K Nwangwa1 , Mega O Oyovwi1,3 , Kenneth M Ananchuna1 , Ejime Agbanifo-Chijiokwu1, Elias Melish Terela1
Year Published 2021-02-02
Abstract Objective: To determine the length of exposure to high doses of phthalate that might affect sperm quality in adult male Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-two (42) adult male Wistar rats (weighing 150-200 g) were randomly assigned into six groups (n=7): Group A received 0.5 mL of distilled water – placebo – and served as controls; groups B, C, D, E and F received Phthalate (740 mg/kgbw) for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks, respectively. The data obtained from the study was expressed as Mean ± SEM with a p-value < 0.05 considered significant. The data was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test using GraphPad Prism, version 8. Results: The results showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in testicular weight in the rats exposed to 750 mg/kg of phthalate for 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks when compared with the controls. Sperm count, motility and viability were also significantly (p<0.05) reduced, while sperm cells with abnormal morphology had increased counts in the groups exposed for 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks when compared with controls. Serum zinc and magnesium were also significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the subjects treated for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks when compared with controls. Conclusions: The dosage of phthalate adopted in this study was deleterious to testicular function when rats were exposed to it for as short a period as three weeks
Publication Title Alterations in Serum Magnesium and Electrocardiographic Variables of Adult Hypertensive Humans Download PDF
Publication Type journal
Publisher The Journal of Medical Research 2019; 5(4): 140-144
Publication Authors Naiho Alexander Obidike1 , Ekwere Ifeoma Toyin1
Year Published 2019-05-09
Abstract As the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide, Hypertension has been found to be a major public health challenge with high prevalence in Africans and Nigerians especially with a rapidly growing population. It has been postulated that hypomagnesemia contributes to the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the relationship between serum magnesium levels and electrocardiographic changes in adult humans with hypertension. To achieve this, one hundred and sixty two (162) hypertensives were recruited from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Participants’ Blood pressure, electrocardiographic changes, antihypertensive medications and serum magnesium (Mg2+) levels were investigated. Using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and ANOVA, Statistical measures of association (correlation) were conducted on obtained variables. A low incidence of hypomagnesaemia was observed on the average, with a high incidence of patients presenting with abnormal ECG changes; including Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. In addition, only weak correlations were observed for ECG parameter and serum Mg2+levels for sampled subjects, with p-value returning a statistically significant decrease upon comparison of means (Using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); Other influences like antihypertensive medications, blood pressure duration and control returned an significant (weak negative) correlation with serum Mg2+ concentration. There is therefore a weak negative correlation between serum magnesium levels and ECG variables, including Q wave duration and QT interval duration in hypertensive adults.
Publication Title Invitro Membrane Stabilizing Potentials Of Fractionates Of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaf Download PDF
Publication Type journal
Publisher I???????????? J?????? ?? R??????? ?? P????????????? S???????
Paper Link https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i4.4865
Publication Authors Ojongbede Onose1 , Naiho Alexender Obidike1 , Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka*2 , Ofulue O?ioritse Ogheneyoma1 , Daubry Tarela Melish Elias1 , Olowe Gideon Temitope1 , Ebuwa Emmanuel Ikemefune1
Year Published 2021-08-06
Abstract Invitro membrane-stabilizing potentials of fractionates of ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaf was investigated in this study. The soxhlet extraction method was used to extract the plant, fractionated with 6 different solvents to give 6 different fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol, methanol benzene). Hbss red blood cells samples were obtained from non-crises state sickle cell patients from Eku Baptist hospital Abraka Delta State, Nigeria. These tests involved the use of positive (p-hydroxy benzoic acid 5ug/ml) and negative controls (normal saline) for membrane stability experiments. Hbss blood was treated with 2mg/ml to 10mg/ml in seven groups with leaf fractionates. Data was analyzed using ANOVA test. The results shows that osmotic fragility was reduced by the introduction of the leaf fractionate, with the highest rate of reduction noticed in the hexane 1 fractionate. PHBA reversal rate and osmotic fragility effect was normal at low doses, but as concentration increases, reversal rate and percentage reduction of sickling decreases. It was concluded that Carica papaya leaf extract fractions, just as its crude extracts, have as much osmotic fragility activities, and this is dose-dependent and has no negative effect on tested blood samples as compared with the treatments with PHBA.
Publication Title Modulations of Some Carbohydrate Metabolic Enzymes by Aqueous and Ethanol Buchholzia coriacea Seed Extract in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats Download PDF
Publication Type journal
Publisher Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry 2(1): 1-9, 2018; Article no.AJRB.40720
Publication Authors K. O. Gbagbeke1 , A. O. Naiho1 , P. R. C. Esegbue2 , M. O. Odigie1* and M. A. Omoirri3
Year Published 2018-04-14
Abstract Characterised by abnormal increase in blood glucose level, Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is associated with complications in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. In recent times, medicinal herbs have been implicated in traditional medical practice for the treatment of this ailment. Studies have shown that Buchholzia coriacea seed possesses some anti-hyperglycemic properties that may be useful in the management of diabetes. To this point, present study investigated the Original Research Article Gbagbeke et al.; AJRB, 2(1): 1-9, 2018; Article no.AJRB.40720 2 effect(s) of oral administration of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Buchholzia coriacea on some carbohydrate metabolism parameters in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty (40) adult rats of both sexes were randomly assigned into two groups (normoglycemic and hyperglycemic). While group 1 (normoglycemic) had normal control, metformin, aqueous extract (250mg/kg) and ethanol extract (250 mg/kg) treated sub-groups respectively, Group 2 (hyperglycemic) contained the diabetic control, metformin, aqueous extract (250 mg/kg), and ethanol extracted (250mg/kg) treated sub-groups dosed daily by oral gavage for 14 days. At the end of the treatment, rats were euthanized via cervical dislocation; blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for statistical analysis. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that dosing with extracts had insignificant effect(s) on body weight of rats. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels were elevated before and after extracts administration. Metformin, aqueous and ethanol extracts significantly reduced (p<0.05) FBG levels. Also, compared with control, total carbohydrate, liver glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, MDH, SDH, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, G6PD and CcO activities were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in diabetic treated rats. Buccholzia Coriacea was therefore seen to pose hypoglycemic and glycolytic effects, regulating activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes. Apparently, there is a scientific merit in the use of the extract in the management of diabetes.
Publication Title EFFECT OF ZIDOVUDINE ON THE LIVER FUNCTION OF ADULT ALBINO WISTAR RATS Download PDF
Publication Type journal
Publisher International Journal of Basic, Applied and Innovative Research IJBAIR, 2014, 3(1): 95 - 99
Publication Authors Naiho A.O., Aloamaka E.O and Nwochi C.N
Year Published 2014-09-30
Abstract Zidovudine is a type of antiretroviral drug used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study investigates the effect of Zidovudine on liver enzymes in adult male albino rats. Fifteen male albino rats weighing between 180-250g were used for the study. The rats were subdivided into a control (A) and two test groups (B and C) (n=5 each). For 25 days, the test groups (B and C) received a daily dosage of 6mg/kg and 12mg/kg of the drug solutions (in sterile water) via an oral cannula, while the control group (A) received normal feed and water only. The results showed that Zidovudine caused significant increase in the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) in the high-dose treated rats, but no significant change in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in both the high and low-dose treated rats; and alanine transaminase (ALT) in the low-dose treated rats. Our findings suggest that high dose of Zidovudine can induce increase in the level of ALT in the treated animals. It also demonstrates that the use of antiretroviral drugs could have adverse effects on the liver that could lead to hepatic damage in normal subjects as the experimental rats used were HIV free.